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- Title
What determines the occurrence of fertilized females in hibernating populations of Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) in Central Europe?
- Authors
HONĚK, ALOIS; MARTINKOVÁ, ZDENKA
- Abstract
The current climate warming is associated with the development of a second generation in populations of species such as Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae), which, in Central Europe, were univoltine in the 1980s. Females of the fi rst generation that develop in spring either enter diapause immediately following the adult moult or after a period of oviposition that gives rise to a second generation. In 2005-2010, in overwintering populations, 3 ± 0.6% of females were fertilized. We explored the possibility that the females that overwintered in a fertilized state were those that had oviposited in the previous season. To test this hypothesis, we reared females of the fi rst generation that moulted to the adult stage in June-August under natural conditions. For these females, we recorded oviposition, mortality and overwintering in the fertilized state. In 2004-2007, the majority (78%) of the fi rst-generation females that oviposited in summer also died before winter and the rest entered dormancy and overwintered. Most of the overwintering females that had laid eggs before overwintering were fertilized. However, the majority (63%) of females that overwintered in the fertilized state had not laid eggs in the previous season; they only copulated and stored the sperm until the next spring. The presence of fertilized females in a hibernating population thus indicates pre-winter sexual activity but not the percentage of fi rst-generation females that oviposit before overwintering.
- Subjects
EUROPE; HEMIPTERA; FEMALES; SEXUAL intercourse
- Publication
European Journal of Entomology, 2020, Vol 117, p309
- ISSN
1210-5759
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.14411/eje.2020.036