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- Title
What is the impact of post-COVID-19 syndrome on health-related quality of life and associated factors: a cross-sectional analysis.
- Authors
Mastrorosa, Ilaria; Del Duca, Giulia; Pinnetti, Carmela; Lorenzini, Patrizia; Vergori, Alessandra; Brita, Anna Clelia; Camici, Marta; Mazzotta, Valentina; Baldini, Francesco; Chinello, Pierangelo; Mencarini, Paola; Giancola, Maria Letizia; Abdeddaim, Amina; Girardi, Enrico; Vaia, Francesco; Antinori, Andrea
- Abstract
Background: After the acute phase, symptoms or sequelae related to post-COVID-19 syndrome may persist for months. In a population of patients, previously hospitalized and not, followed up to 12 months after the acute infection, we aim to assess whether and to what extent post-COVID-19 syndrome may have an impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to investigate influencing factors. Methods: We present the cross-sectional analysis of a prospective study, including patients referred to the post-COVID-19 service. Questionnaires and scales administered at 3, 6, 12 months were: Short-Form 36-item questionnaire (SF-36); Visual Analogue Scale of the EQ5D (EQ-VAS); in a subgroup, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Linear regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with HRQoL. Results: We considered the first assessment of each participant (n = 572). The mean scores in SF-36 and in EQ-VAS were significantly lower than the Italian normative values and remained stable over time, except the mental components score (MCS) of the SF-36 and EQ-VAS which resulted in lower ratings at the last observations. Female gender, presence of comorbidities, and corticosteroids treatment during acute COVID-19, were associated with lower scores in SF-36 and EQ-VAS; patients previously hospitalized (54%) reported higher MCS. Alterations in BAI, BDI-II, and PSQI (n = 265)were associated with lower ratings in SF-36 and EQ-VAS. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a significantly bad perception of health status among persons with post-COVID-19 syndrome, associated with female gender and, indirectly, with disease severity. In case of anxious-depressive symptoms and sleep disorders, a worse HRQoL was also reported. A systematic monitoring of these aspects is recommended to properly manage the post-COVID-19 period.
- Subjects
QUALITY of life; COVID-19 pandemic; CROSS-sectional method; FACTOR analysis; SLEEP quality
- Publication
Health & Quality of Life Outcomes, 2023, Vol 21, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1477-7525
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12955-023-02107-z