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- Title
Heart Failure Is a Risk Factor for Suffering and Dying of Clostridium difficile Infection. Results of a 15-Year Nationwide Study in Spain.
- Authors
Méndez-Bailón, Manuel; Jiménez-García, Rodrigo; Hernández-Barrera, Valentín; de Miguel-Díez, Javier; de Miguel-Yanes, José M.; Muñoz-Rivas, Nuria; Lorenzo-Villalba, Noel; Carabantes-Alarcon, David; Zamorano-León, José J.; Astasio-Arbiza, Paloma; Ortega-Molina, Paloma; López-de-Andrés, Ana
- Abstract
Background: We aimed to (1) analyze time trends in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients suffering Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI); (2) compare clinical characteristics of CDI patients between those with HF and matched non-HF patients; and (3) identify predictors of in-hospital mortality (IHM) among HF patients suffering CDI. Methods: Retrospective study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database from 2001 to 2015. Patients of age ≥40 years with CDI were included. For each HF patient, we selected a year, age, sex, and readmission status-matched non-HF patient. Results: We found 44,695 patients hospitalized with CDI (15.46% with HF). HF patients had a higher incidence of CDI (202.05 vs. 145.09 per 100,000 hospitalizations) than patients without HF (adjusted IRR 1.35; 95% CI 1.31–1.40). IHM was significantly higher in patients with HF when CDI was coded as primary (18.39% vs. 7.63%; p < 0.001) and secondary diagnosis (21.12% vs. 14.76%; p < 0.001). Among HF patient's predictor of IHM were older age (OR 8.80; 95% CI 2.55–20.33 for ≥85 years old), those with more comorbidities (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.12–2.53 for those with Charlson Comorbidity index ≥2), and in those with severe CDI (OR 6.19; 95% CI 3.80–10.02). Conclusions: This research showed that incidence of CDI was higher in HF than non-HF patients. HF is a risk factor for IHM after suffering CDI.
- Subjects
SPAIN; CLOSTRIDIOIDES difficile; HOSPITAL mortality; HOSPITAL admission &; discharge; HEART failure; PUBLIC hospitals
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020, Vol 9, Issue 3, p614
- ISSN
2077-0383
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/jcm9030614