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- Title
The Impact of Rotavirus Vaccines on Genotype Diversity: A Comprehensive Analysis of 2 Decades of Australian Surveillance Data.
- Authors
Roczo-Farkas, Susie; Kirkwood, Carl D; Cowley, Daniel; Barnes, Graeme L; Bishop, Ruth F; Bogdanovic-Sakran, Nada; Boniface, Karen; Donato, Celeste M; Bines, Julie E
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Introduction of rotavirus vaccines into national immunization programs (NIPs) could result in strain selection due to vaccine-induced selective pressure. This study describes the distribution and diversity of rotavirus genotypes before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction into the Australian NIP. State-based vaccine selection facilitated a unique comparison of diversity in RotaTeq and Rotarix vaccine states.<bold>Methods: </bold>From 1995 to 2015, the Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program conducted genotypic analysis on 13051 rotavirus-positive samples from children <5 years of age, hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Rotavirus G and P genotypes were determined using serological and heminested multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays.<bold>Results: </bold>G1P[8] was the dominant genotype nationally in the prevaccine era (1995-2006). Following vaccine introduction (2007-2015), greater genotype diversity was observed with fluctuating genotype dominance. Genotype distribution varied based on the vaccine implemented, with G12P[8] dominant in states using RotaTeq, and equine-like G3P[8] and G2P[4] dominant in states and territories using Rotarix.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>The increased diversity and differences in genotype dominance observed in states using RotaTeq (G12P[8]), and in states and territories using Rotarix (equine-like G3P[8] and G2P[4]), suggest that these vaccines exert different immunological pressures that influence the diversity of rotavirus strains circulating in Australia.
- Subjects
ROTAVIRUSES; VACCINES; GENOTYPES; ALLELES; PHENOTYPES; ROTAVIRUS diseases
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018, Vol 218, Issue 4, p546
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiy197