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- Title
Mammographic Breast Density and Acculturation: Longitudinal Analysis in Chinese Immigrants.
- Authors
Almeida, Rebeca; Fang, Carolyn Y.; Byrne, Celia; Tseng, Marilyn
- Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Asian American women have experienced steadily increasing breast cancer incidence rates over the past several decades. The increased rate might be in part due to acculturation. We tested the hypothesis that higher level of acculturation was associated with higher mammographic breast density (MBD), an indicator of breast cancer risk, in a cohort of 425 premenopausal Chinese immigrant women in Philadelphia. Generalized estimating equations accounted for repeated observations and adjusted for age, type of mammographic image, body mass index, months of breastfeeding, number of live births, age at first birth, and menopausal stage (pre, early peri, late peri, post). Results indicated that acculturation level was not associated with any of the MBD measures. Findings were contrary to our hypothesis and previous, cross-sectional studies. In this study population, reproductive factors had a greater effect on MBD than acculturation-related behaviors in adulthood.
- Subjects
UNITED States; CHINA; BREAST tumor risk factors; IMMIGRANTS; ANALYSIS of variance; ACCULTURATION; BREAST physiology; RESEARCH methodology; MULTIPLE regression analysis; MAMMOGRAMS; INTERVIEWING; RISK assessment; RESEARCH funding; CHI-squared test; QUESTIONNAIRES; STATISTICAL sampling; DATA analysis software
- Publication
Journal of Immigrant & Minority Health, 2021, Vol 23, Issue 6, p1223
- ISSN
1557-1912
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10903-020-01107-1