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- Title
Specific control of BMP signaling and mesenchymal differentiation by cytoplasmic phosphatase PPM1H.
- Authors
Shen, Tao; Sun, Chuang; Zhang, Zhengmao; Xu, Ningyi; Duan, Xueyan; Feng, Xin-Hua; Lin, Xia
- Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins that regulate a wide array of cellular functions. The key step in BMP signal transduction is the BMP receptor-mediated phosphorylation of transcription factors Smad1, 5, and 8 (collectively Smad1/5/8), which leads to the subsequent activation of BMP-induced gene transcription in the nucleus. In this study, we describe the identification and characterization of PPM1H as a novel cytoplasm-localized Smad1/5/8-specific phosphatase. PPM1H directly interacts with Smad1/5/8 through its Smad-binding domain, and dephosphorylates phospho-Smad1/5/8 (P-Smad1/5/8) in the cytoplasm. Ectopic expression of PPM1H attenuates BMP signaling, whereas loss of PPM1H activity or expression greatly enhances BMP-dependent gene regulation and mesenchymal differentiation. In conclusion, this study suggests that PPM1H acts as a gatekeeper to prevent excessive BMP signaling through dephosphorylation and subsequent nuclear exclusion of P-Smad1/5/8 proteins.
- Subjects
BONE morphogenetic protein genetics; MESENCHYMAL stem cell differentiation; CYTOPLASM; CELLULAR signal transduction; TRANSCRIPTION factors; GENETIC regulation; PHOSPHATASE genetics; PHYSIOLOGY
- Publication
Cell Research, 2014, Vol 24, Issue 6, p727
- ISSN
1001-0602
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/cr.2014.48