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- Title
Treating Executive Function in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions.
- Authors
Wilens, Timothy E.; Stone, Mira; Lanni, Sylvia; Berger, Amy; Wilson, Ronan L. H.; Lydston, Melis; Surman, Craig B.
- Abstract
Introduction: Executive function (EF) deficits are common in youth with ADHD and pose significant functional impairments. The extent and effect of interventions addressing EF in youth with ADHD remain unclear. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were randomized controlled trials of interventions to treat EF in youth with ADHD. Results: Our search returned 136 studies representing 11,443 study participants. We identified six intervention categories: nonstimulant pharmacological (N = 3,576 participants), neurological (N = 1,935), psychological (N = 2,387), digital (N = 2,416), physiological (N = 680), and combination (N = 366). The bulk of the evidence supported pharmacological interventions as most effective in mitigating EF, followed by psychological and digital interventions. Conclusion: A breadth of treatments exists for EF in youth with ADHD. Pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, and digital interventions had the most favorable, replicable outcomes. A lack of outcome standardization across studies limited treatment comparison. More data on the persistence of intervention effects are necessary.
- Subjects
ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder; EXECUTIVE function; YOUTH with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; DRUG therapy; PSYCHOTHERAPY
- Publication
Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024, Vol 28, Issue 5, p751
- ISSN
1087-0547
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/10870547231218925