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- Title
Autoreactive lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: Pathogenesis and treatment target.
- Authors
Rongzeng Liu; Shushu Du; Lili Zhao; Jain, Sahil; Sahay, Kritika; Rizvanov, Albert; Lezhnyova, Vera; Khaibullin, Timur; Martynova, Ekaterina; Khaiboullina, Svetlana; Baranwal, Manoj
- Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by destruction of the myelin sheath structure. The loss of myelin leads to damage of a neuron's axon and cell body, which is identified as brain lesions on magnetic resonance image (MRI). The pathogenesis of MS remains largely unknown. However, immune mechanisms, especially those linked to the aberrant lymphocyte activity, are mainly responsible for neuronal damage. Th1 and Th17 populations of lymphocytes were primarily associated with MS pathogenesis. These lymphocytes are essential for differentiation of encephalitogenic CD8+Tcell and Th17 lymphocyte crossing the blood brain barrier and targeting myelin sheath in the CNS. B-lymphocytes could also contribute to MS pathogenesis by producing anti-myelin basic protein antibodies. In later studies, aberrant function of Treg and Th9 cells was identified as contributing to MS. This review summarizes the aberrant function and count of lymphocyte, and the contributions of these cell to themechanisms of MS. Additionally, we have outlined the novelMS therapeutics aimed to amend the aberrant function or counts of these lymphocytes.
- Subjects
MULTIPLE sclerosis; LYMPHOCYTES; CENTRAL nervous system diseases; MYELIN sheath; REGULATORY T cells; JOHN Cunningham virus
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, Vol 13, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2022.996469