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- Title
Porous organic polycarbene nanotrap for efficient and selective gold stripping from electronic waste.
- Authors
Li, Xinghao; Wang, Yong-Lei; Wen, Jin; Zheng, Linlin; Qian, Cheng; Cheng, Zhonghua; Zuo, Hongyu; Yu, Mingqing; Yuan, Jiayin; Li, Rong; Zhang, Weiyi; Liao, Yaozu
- Abstract
The role of N-heterocyclic carbene, a well-known reactive site, in chemical catalysis has long been studied. However, its unique binding and electron-donating properties have barely been explored in other research areas, such as metal capture. Herein, we report the design and preparation of a poly(ionic liquid)-derived porous organic polycarbene adsorbent with superior gold-capturing capability. With carbene sites in the porous network as the "nanotrap", it exhibits an ultrahigh gold recovery capacity of 2.09 g/g. In-depth exploration of a complex metal ion environment in an electronic waste-extraction solution indicates that the polycarbene adsorbent possesses a significant gold recovery efficiency of 99.8%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy along with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals that the high performance of the polycarbene adsorbent results from the formation of robust metal-carbene bonds plus the ability to reduce nearby gold ions into nanoparticles. Density functional theory calculations indicate that energetically favourable multinuclear Au binding enhances adsorption as clusters. Life cycle assessment and cost analysis indicate that the synthesis of polycarbene adsorbents has potential for application in industrial-scale productions. These results reveal the potential to apply carbene chemistry to materials science and highlight porous organic polycarbene as a promising new material for precious metal recovery. Efficient and selective gold recovery from electronic waste is highly demanded. Here, authors demonstrate the application of a porous organic polycarbene adsorbent with up to 2.09 g/g gold-capturing capability.
- Subjects
LIFE cycle costing; GOLD clusters; ELECTRONIC waste; NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; IONIC conductivity; MATERIALS science; PRECIOUS metals; GOLD nanoparticles
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-023-36417-z