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- Title
Unsupervised Exercise Intervention vs. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Alone: The Role of Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis and Cardiovascular Performance in Liver-Transplanted Recipients.
- Authors
Mascherini, Gabriele; Corsi, Marco; Falconi, Edoardo; Cebrián-Ponce, Álex; Checcucci, Pietro; Pinazzi, Antonio; Russo, Domenico; Gitto, Stefano; Sofi, Francesco; Stefani, Laura
- Abstract
(1) Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality after liver transplantation. Body composition and cardiovascular performance assessment represent a potential approach for modulating lifestyle correction and proper follow-up in chronic disease patients. This study aimed to verify the additional role of an unsupervised physical activity program in a sample of male liver transplant recipients who follow the Mediterranean diet. (2) Methods: Thirty-three male liver transplant recipients were enrolled. Sixteen subjects followed a moderate-intensity home exercise program in addition to nutritional support, and seventeen received advice on the Mediterranean diet. After six months, bioelectrical vector impedance analysis (BIVA) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were performed. (3) Results: No differences in CPET (VO2 peak: exercise 21.4 ± 4.1 vs. diet 23.5 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min; p = 0.283) and BIVA (Z/H: exercise 288.3 ± 33.9 vs. diet 310.5 ± 34.2 Ω/m; p = 0.071) were found. Furthermore, the BIVA values of resistance correlate with the submaximal performance of the Ve/VCO2 slope (R = 0.509; p < 0.05) and phase angle with the maximal effort of the VO2 peak (R = 0.557; p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Unsupervised physical exercise alone for six months does not substantially modify liver transplant recipients' cardiovascular performance and hydration status, despite their adherence to a Mediterranean diet. The body composition analysis is useful to stratify the risk profile, and it is potentially associated with better outcomes in transplanted subjects.
- Subjects
MEDITERRANEAN diet; LIFESTYLES; EXERCISE tests; BODY composition; STATISTICS; CARDIOVASCULAR system physiology; EVALUATION of human services programs; OXYGEN consumption; CARDIOPULMONARY system; PATIENTS; MANN Whitney U Test; PHYSICAL activity; DIET therapy; T-test (Statistics); COMPARATIVE studies; BIOELECTRIC impedance; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; LIVER transplantation; SUPERVISION of employees; PATIENT compliance; DATA analysis; TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.; EXERCISE therapy
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 2, p190
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16020190