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- Title
PI-57.
- Authors
Kapur, S.; Liang, Q.; Muhammed, R.; Roethig, H.; Sarkar, M.
- Abstract
Background: Exposure to cigarettes in adult smokers (SM) is often determined by measuring urinary excretion of selected smoke constituents or metabolites. Complete 24-hour urine (24H) collections are difficult and inconvenient in ambulatory studies, therefore spot urine is often considered as an alternative. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum time for a spot urine (SU) collection that best reflects a 24H collection.Methods: SU samples were collected at three time points (early morning, post-lunch and evening) along with 24H collections in 37 healthy SM . Samples were collected for nicotine and its five metabolites, Nicotine equivalents (NE), metabolites of butadiene (MHBMA), Nitrosamine (NNAL), acrolein (HPMA), benzene (S-PMA) and pyrene (1-OHP). Correlation and agreement between creatinine adjusted SU and 24H were determined from the Pearson product-moment correlation, Bland and Altman and Lin's concordance correlation analyses.Results: There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the three SU collections for all the biomarkers of exposure except for HPMA. The pearson correlation values were (0.66- 0.97) for NE, NNAL, S-PMA and MHBMA, and ranged (0.45- 0.82) for 1-OHP and HPMA.Conclusions: Spot urine can be used as an alternative to 24 hour urine collections for most of the selected biomarkers. The early morning creatinine adjusted SU appears to be the most feasible and practical option as an alternative to 24H collections.Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2005) 79, P22–P22; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2005.12.078
- Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of tobacco; URINALYSIS; NICOTINE; ACROLEIN; BENZENE; NITROSOAMINES; CREATININE; BIOMARKERS
- Publication
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2006, Vol 79, Issue 2, pP22
- ISSN
0009-9236
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/j.clpt.2005.12.078