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- Title
Toxinotype V Clostridium difficile in Humans and Food Animals.
- Authors
Jhung, Michael A.; Thompson, Angela D.; Killgore, George E.; Zukowski, Walter E.; Songer, Glenn; Warny, Michael; Johnson, Stuart; Gerding, Dale N.; McDonald, L. Clifford; Limbago, Brandi M.
- Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a recognized pathogen in neonatal pigs and may contribute to enteritis in calves. Toxinotype V strains have been rare causes of human C. difficile--associated disease (CDAD). We examined toxinotype V in human disease, the genetic relationship of animal and human toxinotype V strains, and in vitro toxin production of these strains. From 2001 through 2006, 8 (1.3%) of 620 patient isolates were identified as toxinotype V; before 2001, 7 (<0.02%) of ≈6,000 isolates were identified as toxinotype V. Six (46.2%) of 13 case-patients for whom information was available had community-associated CDAD. Molecular characterization showed a high degree of similarity between human and animal toxinotype V isolates; all contained a 39-bp tcdC deletion and most produced binary toxin. Further study is needed to understand the epidemiology of CDAD caused by toxinotype V C. difficile, including the potential of foodborne transmission to humans.
- Subjects
CLOSTRIDIOIDES difficile; INFECTIOUS disease transmission; CLOSTRIDIUM diseases; GASTROENTERITIS; FOODBORNE diseases; DISEASE vectors
- Publication
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2008, Vol 14, Issue 7, p1039
- ISSN
1080-6040
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3201/eid1407.071641