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- Title
Epicardial Mapping: Ventricular Epicardial Activation is Unaffected by Heart Position.
- Authors
Paul, Thomas; Morris, Cody; Garson Jr., Arthur
- Abstract
Epicardial ventricular mapping was performed in jive dogs during sinus rhythm with a sock array containing 41 bipolar electrodes. Maps were generated with a computer-assisted mapping system when the heart was in situ and when the heart was lifted by 44 ° out of the chest. Times of earliest and latest epicardial activation in these two states did not differ. Despite a different frontal plane QRS axis, location of earliest activation was not affected by lifting the heart. In two of the five animals, the site of latest epicardial activation was minimally different from the heart in situ, but the general pattern of epicardial activation was unchanged. Therefore, the change in frontal plane QRS axis with lifting the heart was due to a change in heart position rather than a general change of heart activation.
- Subjects
HEART; CHEST (Anatomy); CARDIAC pacing; ARRHYTHMIA treatment; ELECTRIC stimulation
- Publication
Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology, 1989, Vol 12, Issue 5, p757
- ISSN
0147-8389
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1540-8159.1989.tb01897.x