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- Title
Effect of Lifestyle, Smoking, and Diet on Development of Intestinal Metaplasia in H. pylori-Positive Subjects.
- Authors
Russo, A.; Maconi, G.; Spinelli, P.; Di Felice, G.; Eboli, M.; Andreola, S.; Ravagnani, F.; Settesoldi, D.; Ferrari, D.; Lombardo, C.; Bertario, L.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental and sociodemographic factors and the effect of smoking, alcohol, and dietary habits on the risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) in <em>Helicobacter pylori-infected</em> subjects. METHODS: The investigation was based on 2598 consecutive volunteer blood donors tested for the presence of anti-bodies against <em>H. pylori</em> from March 1995 to March 1997. Endoscopy with multiple biopsies was offered to all <em>H. pylori</em>-positive, symptomatic subjects. The presence or absence of IM was diagnosed by gastric biopsies. A serologically <em>H. pylori</em>-positive subject with gastric IM was defined as a case, whereas serologically <em>H. pylori</em>-positive subjects without IM were used as controls. All patients answered a detailed questionnaire collecting sociodemographic characteristics and smoking, alcohol drinking, and dietary habits. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, including terms for age and sex, to assess the association between the data collected and IM. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-four subjects with serological <em>H. pylori</em> infection and upper-GI symptoms underwent GI endoscopy, during which biopsies were taken for histological diagnosis. Histology revealed metaplasia in 74 subjects (21.5%). Incomplete IM was found in 37.8% of these cases. No significant associations were found between IM and anthropometric or sociodemographic factors. There was a significant association between age and IM (X² for trend, 6.67; p value, 0.009). Current smokers of over 20 cigarettes per day had a 4-fold risk of IM (OR, 4.75, 95% CI, 1.33-16.99). A 2-fold increased risk was found for high butter consumers (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.14-4.11). No significant specific associations were found between the variables studied and complete or incomplete IM. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that smoking and high butter consumption may increase the risk of having gastric IM in <em>H. pylori</em>-positive subjects.
- Subjects
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; LIFESTYLES; SMOKING; DIET; METAPLASIA; HELICOBACTER pylori infections; STOMACH biopsy
- Publication
American Journal of Gastroenterology (Springer Nature), 2001, Vol 96, Issue 5, p1402
- ISSN
0002-9270
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03773.x