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- Title
Marine Carbohydrates in Arctic Aerosol Particles and Fog - Diversity of Oceanic Sources and Atmospheric Transformations.
- Authors
Zeppenfeld, Sebastian; van Pinxteren, Manuela; Hartmann, Markus; Zeising, Moritz; Bracher, Astrid; Herrmann, Hartmut
- Abstract
We present the results of a ship-based field study about the sea-air transfer of marine combined carbohydrates (CCHO) from concerted measurements of the bulk seawater, the sea surface microlayer (SML), aerosol particles and fog. In seawater, CCHO ranged between 22-1070 µg L-1 with large differences among the different sea-ice related sea surface compartments: ice-free ocean, marginal ice zone (MIZ), open leads/polynyas within the pack ice and melt ponds. Enrichment factors in the SML relative to the bulk water were very variable in the dissolved (EFSML, dCCHO: 0.4-16) and particulate (EFSML, pCCHO: 0.4-49) phases with highest values in the MIZ and aged melt ponds. In the atmosphere, CCHO appeared in super- and submicron aerosol particles (CCHOaer, super: 0.07-2.1 ng m-3; CCHOaer, sub: 0.26-4.4 ng m-3) and fog water (CCHOfog, liquid: 18-22000 µg L-1; CCHOfog, atmos: 3-4300 ng m-3). The enrichment factors for the sea-air transfer were calculated for super- and submicron aerosol particles and fog, however strongly varied depending on which of the sea-ice related sea surface compartments was assumed as the oceanic emission source. Finally, we observed a quick atmospheric aging of CCHO after their emission with indications for both biological/enzymatic processes (based on very selective changes within the monosaccharide compositions of CCHO) and abiotic degradation (based on the depolymerization of long-chained CCHO to short free monosaccharides). All in all, the present study highlights the diversity of marine emission sources in the Arctic Ocean and atmospheric processes influencing the chemical composition of aerosol particles and fog.
- Subjects
SEA surface microlayer; CHEMICAL processes; SEA ice; AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC nucleation; PONDS; FOG; CARBOHYDRATES; POLYNYAS
- Publication
Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2023, p1
- ISSN
1680-7367
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5194/egusphere-2023-1607