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- Title
Immune profiling of leprosy and tuberculosis patients to 15-mer peptides of Mycobacterium leprae and M. tuberculosis GroES in a BCG vaccinated area: implications for development of vaccine and diagnostic reagents.
- Authors
Hussain, Rabia; Shahid, Firdaus; Zafar, Shahid; Dojki, Maqboola; Dockrell, Hazel M.
- Abstract
Mycobacterium leprae (ML) GroES has been shown to induce strong T cell responses in tuberculoid as well as in exposed healthy contacts of leprosy patients, and therefore this antigen has been the focus of study as a potential vaccine candidate. Paradoxically, we have shown that ML GroES also induces extremely high titres of IgG1 antibody in leprosy patients across the disease spectrum, a response associated with disease progression. IgG1 antibodies in leprosy also show a negative association with interferon-γ, a critical T cell cytokine responsible for macrophage activation and intracellular killing of mycobacteria. We therefore queried if antibody and T cell responses were being evoked by different epitopes in ML GroES proteins. To address the issue of epitope recognition in mycobacterial diseases, we have analysed 16 peptides (15-mer peptides) spanning the entire ML and M. tuberculosis GroES protein in leprosy ( n = 19) and tuberculosis ( n = 9) patients and healthy endemic controls ( n = 8). Our analysis demonstrates clearly that the dominant peptides evokingT cell and IgG subclass antibodies were different. The target of both T and B cell responses were cross-reactive epitopes in all groups. Differences in disease and healthy states related to the strength (mean intensity) of the T cell and antibody response. IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies were associated with disseminated disease and IgG 2 and IgG4 with disease limitation. Such comprehensive immune profiling of antigen-specific responses is critical to understanding the disease pathogenesis and also if these reagents are to be exploited for either diagnostic or vaccine purposes.
- Subjects
MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM leprae; MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis; HANSEN'S disease; TUBERCULOSIS; MICROBIAL peptides; VACCINES
- Publication
Immunology, 2004, Vol 111, Issue 4, p462
- ISSN
0019-2805
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.0019-2805.2004.01839.x