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- Title
Patterns of treatment resistance in bipolar affective disorder.
- Authors
Cole, A. J.; Scott, J.; Ferrier, I. N.; Eccleston, D.
- Abstract
The mean index episode length in 19 consecutive admissions with treatment-resistant bipolar affective disorder was 21.7 months. Four patterns of resistance were identified: rapid cycling (37%), other forms of cycling (32%), chronic depression (26%) and mixed states (6%). Female gender was significantly associated with rapid cycling. Other risk factors for treatment-resistant bipolar disorder, including a high prevalence of family history of affective disorder (72%) and electroencephalographic abnormalities (54% of recordings), were not confined to the rapid cycling group.
- Publication
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1993, Vol 88, Issue 2, p121
- ISSN
0001-690X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03424.x