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- Title
The Effects of Overt Head Movements on Physical Performance After Positive Versus Negative Self-Talk.
- Authors
Horcajo, Javier; Paredes, Borja; Higuero, Guillermo; Briñol, Pablo; Petty, Richard E.
- Abstract
Research on self-talk has found that what athletes say to themselves influences their performance in sport settings. This experiment analyzed the relationship between positive and negative self-talk and physical performance in light of another variable: overt head movements. Participants were randomly assigned to first generate and then listen to either positive or negative self-statements. They were then randomly assigned to nod (up and down) or to shake (side to side) their heads while being exposed to the self-statements they had previously generated. Finally, physical performance was assessed using a vertical-jump task, a squat test, and a deadlift task. As expected, positive self-statements led to better performance than negative self-statements in 2 out of 3 physical tasks. Most relevant, the main effect of self-talk was significantly qualified by head movements. Consistent with the authors' hypothesis, athletes' self-statements were significantly more impactful on physical performance in the head-nodding condition than in the head-shaking condition.
- Subjects
SELF-talk; PHYSICAL education; ATHLETES; HANDSHAKING; HYPOTHESIS; ATHLETIC ability &; psychology; SPORTS psychology; PSYCHOLOGY of athletes; COMMUNICATION; COMPARATIVE studies; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; RESEARCH; EVALUATION research; BODY movement; RANDOMIZED controlled trials
- Publication
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 2019, Vol 41, Issue 1, p36
- ISSN
0895-2779
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1123/jsep.2018-0208