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- Title
Optical coherence tomography angiography for microaneurysms in anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treated diabetic macular edema.
- Authors
Zhang, Tongmei; Xie, Shiyong; Sun, Xiaoli; Duan, Hongtao; Li, Ying; Han, Mei
- Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate microaneurysms (MAs) after treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy to understand causes of chronic edema and anti-VEGF resistance. Methods: Patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with or without macular edema were recruited. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) MAs-related parameters were observed, including the maximum diameter of overall dimensions, material presence, and flow signal within the lumen. OCTA parameters also included central macular thickness (CMT), foveal avascular zone, superficial and deep capillary plexuses, and non-flow area measurements on the superficial retinal slab. Results: Overall, 48 eyes from 43 patients were evaluated. CMT differed significantly between the diabetic macular edema (DME) and non-DME (NDME) groups at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of follow-up (P < 0.001; <0.001; 0.003; <0.001, respectively). A total of 55 and 59 MAs were observed in the DME (mean = 99.40 ± 3.18 μm) and NDME (mean maximum diameter = 74.70 ± 2.86 μm) groups at baseline, respectively (significant between-group difference: P < 0.001). Blood flow signal was measurable for 46 (83.6%) and 34 (59.3%) eyes in the DME and NDME groups, respectively (significant between-group difference: P < 0.001). Conclusions: Compared to the NDME group, the DME group had larger MAs and a higher blood-flow signal ratio. Following anti-VEGF therapy, changes in the diameter of MAs were observed before changes in CMT thickness. Highlights: Microaneurysms (MAs) in diabetic macular edema (DME) are not fully understood. We utilized optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to assess the parameters of MAs. Changes in MAs diameter reflected the therapeutic effects of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) therapeutic effects. A limited number of MAs exhibited wall reflex shifts, as well as low content and blood flow signals. Anti-VEGF therapy can enhance rich blood flow signals, however, it does not improved content proportion.
- Subjects
VASCULAR endothelial growth factors; ENDOTHELIAL growth factors; OPTICAL coherence tomography; MACULAR edema; DIABETIC retinopathy
- Publication
BMC Ophthalmology, 2024, Vol 24, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-2415
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12886-024-03655-8