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- Title
Low risk of bacterial co-infection, opportunistic diseases, and persistent immunosuppression in people living with HIV and COVID-19.
- Authors
Casado, José L.; Vizcarra, Pilar; Vivancos, María J.; Martinez-Sanz, Javier; Perez-Elías, María J.; Moreno, Ana; Vallejo, Alejandro
- Abstract
Purpose: SARS-CoV-2 infection produces lymphopenia and CD4+ T-cell decrease, which could lead to a higher risk of bacterial co-infection or impair immunological evolution in people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods: We investigated the rate of co-infection and superinfection, and the evolution of CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, in hospitalized PLWH with COVID-19. Results: From March to December 2020, 176 PLWH had symptomatic COVID-19 and 62 required hospitalization (median age, 56 years, 89% males). At admission, 7% and 13% of patients had leukocytosis or increased procalcitonin values and 37 (60%) received empiric antibiotic therapy, but no bacterial co-infection was diagnosed. There were seven cases of superinfection (12%), and one case of P. jiroveci pneumonia during ICU stay. No significant change in CD4+ count or CD4+/CD8+ ratio was observed after discharge. Conclusion: Bacterial co-infection is not frequent in PLWH with COVID-19. Immune recovery is observed in most of patients after the disease.
- Subjects
BACTERIAL disease risk factors; ANTIBIOTICS; HIV-positive persons; COVID-19; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; CALCITONIN; SUPERINFECTION; MANN Whitney U Test; FISHER exact test; MIXED infections; CD4 lymphocyte count; HOSPITAL care; CHI-squared test; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; AIDS-related opportunistic infections; DATA analysis software; LONGITUDINAL method; DISEASE risk factors
- Publication
Infection, 2022, Vol 50, Issue 4, p1013
- ISSN
0300-8126
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s15010-022-01811-0