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- Title
Myostatin Inhibition-Induced Increase in Muscle Mass and Strength Was Amplified by Resistance Exercise Training, and Dietary Essential Amino Acids Improved Muscle Quality in Mice.
- Authors
Jang, Jiwoong; Park, Sanghee; Kim, Yeongmin; Jung, Jiyeon; Lee, Jinseok; Chang, Yewon; Lee, Sang Pil; Park, Bum-Chan; Wolfe, Robert R.; Choi, Cheol Soo; Kim, Il-Young; Iacone, Roberto
- Abstract
It has been frequently reported that myostatin inhibition increases muscle mass, but decreases muscle quality (i.e., strength/muscle mass). Resistance exercise training (RT) and essential amino acids (EAAs) are potent anabolic stimuli that synergistically increase muscle mass through changes in muscle protein turnover. In addition, EAAs are known to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. We have investigated if RT amplifies the anabolic potential of myostatin inhibition while EAAs enhance muscle quality through stimulations of mitochondrial biogenesis and/or muscle protein turnover. Mice were assigned into ACV (myostatin inhibitor), ACV+EAA, ACV+RT, ACV+EAA +RT, or control (CON) over 4 weeks. RT, but not EAA, increased muscle mass above ACV. Despite differences in muscle mass gain, myofibrillar protein synthesis was stimulated similarly in all vs. CON, suggesting a role for changes in protein breakdown in muscle mass gains. There were increases in MyoD expression but decreases in Atrogin-1/MAFbx expression in ACV+EAA, ACV+RT, and ACV+EAA+RT vs. CON. EAA increased muscle quality (e.g., grip strength and maximal carrying load) without corresponding changes in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and neuromuscular junction stability. In conclusion, RT amplifies muscle mass and strength through changes in muscle protein turnover in conjunction with changes in implicated signaling, while EAAs enhance muscle quality through unknown mechanisms.
- Subjects
SKELETAL muscle physiology; RESISTANCE training; GRIP strength; MUSCLE proteins; ANIMAL experimentation; EXERCISE physiology; ESSENTIAL amino acids; MITOCHONDRIA; MUSCLE strength; MASS spectrometry; MYOSTATIN; MICE
- Publication
Nutrients, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 5, p1508
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu13051508