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- Title
Assessment of Inorganic Phosphate Intake by the Measurement of the Phosphate/Urea Nitrogen Ratio in Urine.
- Authors
Pendón-Ruiz de Mier, María Victoria; Vergara, Noemí; Rodelo-Haad, Cristian; López-Zamorano, María Dolores; Membrives-González, Cristina; López-Baltanás, Rodrigo; Muñoz-Castañeda, Juan Rafael; Caravaca, Francisco; Martín-Malo, Alejandro; Felsenfeld, Arnold J.; De la Torre, Eugenio J.; Soriano, Sagrario; Santamaría, Rafael; Rodríguez, Mariano; Siener, Roswitha
- Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, it would be desirable to reduce the intake of inorganic phosphate (P) rather than limit the intake of P contained in proteins. Urinary excretion of P should reflect intestinal absorption of P(inorganic plus protein-derived). The aim of the present study is to determine whether the ratio of urinary P to urinary urea nitrogen (P/UUN ratio) helps identify patients with a high intake of inorganic P.A cross-sectional study was performed in 71 patients affected by metabolic syndrome with CKD (stages 2–3) with normal serum P concentration. A 3-day dietary survey was performed to estimate the average daily amount and the source of P ingested. The daily intake of P was 1086.5 ± 361.3 mg/day; 64% contained in animal proteins, 22% in vegetable proteins, and 14% as inorganic P. The total amount of P ingested did not correlate with daily phosphaturia, but it did correlate with the P/UUN ratio (p < 0.018). Patients with the highest tertile of the P/UUN ratio >71.1 mg/g presented more abundant inorganic P intake (p < 0.038).The P/UUN ratio is suggested to be a marker of inorganic P intake. This finding might be useful in clinical practices to identify the source of dietary P and to make personalized dietary recommendations directed to reduce inorganic P intake.
- Subjects
PHOSPHATES analysis; CHRONIC kidney failure; PROTEINS; UREA; VEGETABLES; CROSS-sectional method; INGESTION; PROTEIN content of food; NITROGEN; METABOLIC syndrome; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PHOSPHATES
- Publication
Nutrients, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 2, p292
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu13020292