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- Title
AN EVALUATION OF THE SUCCESS OF DREDGING AS REMEDIATION AT A DDT-CONTAMINATED SITE IN SAN FRANCISCO BAY, CALIFORNIA, USA.
- Authors
Weston, Donald P.; Jarman, Walter M.; Cabana, Gilbert; Bacon, Corinne E.; Jacobson, Lisa A.
- Abstract
Lauritzen Canal, a portion of San Francisco Bay near Richmond, California, USA, was heavily contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dieldrin as a result of releases from a pesticide-formulating firm. In 1996 and 1997, 82,000 m³ of contaminated sediment was removed from the canal by dredging. This study evaluated the success of the dredging based largely on body burdens of DDT and its metabolites (ΣDDT) in resident biota, with some data on sediment- and watercontaminant levels and sediment toxicity testing. Sediment disturbance during dredging introduced a pulse of ΣDDT into the Lauritzen Canal ecosystem, and body burdens of fish and invertebrates increased 2- to 76-fold, depending on the species. Approximately 1 1/2 years after remediation, 11 of 14 indicators showed contamination comparable with or worse than the contamination that existed prior to dredging. Monitoring of mussels up to four years postdredging suggests some modest improvement, although the ΣDDT body burden of canal mussels remained far above the norm for San Francisco Bay. The elevated ΣDDT body burdens in biota that persisted for years after remediation reflect recent exposure and are not merely a result of slow metabolic elimination of the ΣDDT pulse associated with dredging. Sediment ΣDDT concentrations were low immediately after dredging, but within months, the canal bottom became covered with a veneer of fine sediment as contaminated as that that had been removed. The source of this material has not been conclusively established, but we suspect it came from slumping and erosion from the flanks of the canal beneath docks and around pilings where dredging was not done. In retrospect, either capping in place or more thorough dredging may have been more successful in reducing pesticide exposure of the biota, although there were difficulties associated with both alternatives.
- Subjects
CALIFORNIA; DREDGING; EXCAVATION; MUSSELS; ORGANOCHLORINE compounds; TOXICITY testing; DIELDRIN; ENVIRONMENTAL chemistry
- Publication
Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 2002, Vol 21, Issue 10, p2216
- ISSN
0730-7268
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/etc.5620211028