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- Title
Effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on in vitro fermentation profiles of rumen bacteria.
- Authors
Lodge-Ivey, S. L.; Petersen, J.; Browne-Silva, J.
- Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a secondary plant metabolite with antimicrobial prop-erties, and therefore may have potential as a rumen modifier. Two in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the usefulness of NDGA as a rumen modifi-er. Exp. 1 evaluated the effect of adding 0,5,10,50, and 100 mg/mL NDGA on growth of pure and mixed cul-tures of rumen bacteria. Growth of all cultures except Butyrivibriofibrisolvens HI7c was inhibited at 50 mg/ mL NDGA (P < 0.05). Cultures from whole rumen fluid and B. fibrisolvens H17c were inhibited with 100 mg/mL NDGA (P< 0.05). Exp. 2 evaluated additions of NDGA on IVDMD (48 h) and VFA production. Three dietary substrates simulating different resources available for livestock production and 5 concentrations of NDGA were compared with monensin (47.5 pg/mL, MON, Elanco Animal Health, Indianapolis, IN). Substrates included (DM basis) 100% meadow hay (HI00), 50% alfalfa with 50% ground corn (H50), and 90% ground corn with 10% alfalfa (H10). Treatments were 0 (Con-trol; CON), 20, 40, 60, 80 pg/mL NDGA and MON. Treatment means were compared using 2 single degree of freedom contrasts (0 µ/mL NDGA vs. MON and NDGA vs. MON) and orthogonal polynomial contrasts within NDGA concentrations. Monensin fermented with HI00 had the least (P <0.01) IVDMD. A linear increase in IVDMD was observed for H50 (P <0.01) but not H10 or 100 (P > 0.40). Acetate was quadratic for all substrates tested with NDGA (P < 0.01) and adding NDGA vs. MON resulted in 9% greater values (.P < 0.01). Propionate increased by addition of MON compared with CON, which was opposite for acetate. Propionate showed the greatest increase with addition of MON and was dependent on diet vs. CON (HI00 vs.H50 vs. H10; 22.5%, 44.4%, and 30.2%, respective-ly). When HI00 was used, total VFA declined linearly by 61% with increasing NDGA (P < 0.01), whereas H50 and H10 were quadratic (P <0.01) with the great-est total VFA resulting from 40 and 80 mg/mL NDGA for H50 and H10, respectively. Addition of NDGA tended to decrease total VFA (P =0.06) for HI00 and H10 by 18.5% and 9.0%, respectively; however, H50 did not differ (P = 0.82) compared with MON. Butyrate increased linearly with increasing NDGA for H10 (P < 0.03) and quadratic for H50 and HI00 (P < 0.01). The lowest overall acetate:propionate ratio was obtained with addition of MON to H10 (1.35) and the greatest ratio resulted from adding 60 µ/mL NDGA to HI00 (3.63). Rumen fermentation was responsive to NDGA, and the response is dependent on diet.
- Subjects
RUMINANTS; BACTERIOLOGY; FERMENTATION; NORDIHYDROGUAIARETIC acid; MONENSIN; BACTERIAL cultures; FOOD microbiology
- Publication
Journal of Animal Science, 2012, Vol 90, Issue 11, p4118
- ISSN
0021-8812
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2527/jas.2012-5339