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- Title
Inhibition of Cronobacter sakazakii by Litsea cubeba Essential Oil and the Antibacterial Mechanism.
- Authors
Wang, Haoran; Li, Yulu; Li, Zhuo; Ma, Run; Bai, Xiangyang; Zhan, Xiangjun; Luo, Kunyao; Su, Ruiying; Li, Xuejiao; Xia, Xiaodong; Shi, Chao
- Abstract
Litsea cubeba essential oil (LC-EO) has anti-insecticidal, antioxidant, and anticancer proper-ties; however, its antimicrobial activity toward Cronobacter sakazakii has not yet been researched extensively. The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of LC-EO toward C. sakazakii, along with the underlying mechanisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of LC-EO toward eight different C. sakazakii strains ranged from 1.5 to 4.0 μL/mL, and LC-EO exposure showed a longer lag phase and lower specific growth compared to untreated bacteria. LC-EO increased reactive oxygen species production, decreased the integrity of the cell membrane, caused cell membrane depolarization, and decreased the ATP concentration in the cell, showing that LC-EO caused cellular damage associated with membrane permeability. LC-EO induced morphological changes in the cells. LC-EO inhibited C. sakazakii in reconstituted infant milk formula at 50 °C, and showed effective inactivation of C. sakazakii biofilms on stainless steel surfaces. Confocal laser scanning and attenuated total reflection–Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry indicated that the biofilms were disrupted by LC-EO. These findings suggest a potential for applying LC-EO in the prevention and control of C. sakazakii in the dairy industry as a natural antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent.
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils; CRONOBACTER; INFRARED spectroscopy; MEMBRANE permeability (Biology); REACTIVE oxygen species; ATTENUATED total reflectance
- Publication
Foods, 2022, Vol 11, Issue 23, p3900
- ISSN
2304-8158
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/foods11233900