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- Title
Liminal presence of exo-microbes inoculating coconut endosperm waste to enhance black soldier fly larval protein and lipid.
- Authors
Hasnol, Sabrina; Lim, Jun Wei; Wong, Chung Yiin; Lam, Man Kee; Ntwampe, Seteno K. O.
- Abstract
The anaerobic decomposition of coconut endosperm waste (CEW), residue derived from cooking, has been insidiously spewing greenhouse gasses. Thus, the bioconversion of CEW via in situ fermentation by exo-microbes from commercial Rid-X and subsequent valorization by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) was the primary objective of the current study to gain sustainable larval lipid and protein. Accordingly, various concentrations of exo-microbes were separately homogenized with CEW to perform fermentation amidst feeding to BSFL. It was found that 2.50% of exo-microbes was the threshold amount entailed to assuage competition between exo-microbes and BSFL for common nutrients. The presence of remnant nutrients exuded from the fermentation using 2.50% of exo-microbes was confirmed to promote BSFL growth measured as maximum larval weight gained and growth rate. Although the BSFL could accumulate the highest protein (16 mg/larva) upon feeding with CEW containing 2.50% of exo-microbes, more lipid (13 mg/larva) was stored in employing 0.10% of exo-microbes because of minimum loss to metabolic processes while prolonging the BSFL in its 5th instar stage.
- Subjects
SIMULIIDAE; ENDOSPERM; COCONUT; LIPIDS; PROTEINS
- Publication
Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2020, Vol 27, Issue 19, p24574
- ISSN
0944-1344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11356-020-09034-2