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- Title
Antibiofilm Activity of a Trichoderma Metabolite against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Alone and in Association with a Phage.
- Authors
Papaianni, Marina; Ricciardelli, Annarita; Fulgione, Andrea; d'Errico, Giada; Zoina, Astolfo; Lorito, Matteo; Woo, Sheridan L.; Vinale, Francesco; Capparelli, Rosanna
- Abstract
Biofilm protects bacteria against the host's immune system and adverse environmental conditions. Several studies highlight the efficacy of lytic phages in the prevention and eradication of bacterial biofilms. In this study, the lytic activity of Xccφ1 (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris-specific phage) was evaluated in combination with 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (a secondary metabolite produced by Trichoderma atroviride P1) and the mineral hydroxyapatite. Then, the antibiofilm activity of this interaction, called a φHA6PP complex, was investigated using confocal laser microscopy under static and dynamic conditions. Additionally, the mechanism used by the complex to modulate the genes (rpf, gumB, clp and manA) involved in the biofilm formation and stability was also studied. Our results demonstrated that Xccφ1, alone or in combination with 6PP and HA, interfered with the gene pathways involved in the formation of biofilm. This approach can be used as a model for other biofilm-producing bacteria.
- Subjects
BACTERIOPHAGES; TRICHODERMA; XANTHOMONAS campestris; LASER microscopy; CONFOCAL microscopy; DRUG resistance in bacteria
- Publication
Microorganisms, 2020, Vol 8, Issue 5, p620
- ISSN
2076-2607
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/microorganisms8050620