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- Title
Visceral fat and beta cell function in non-diabetic humans.
- Authors
Gastaldelli, A.; Sironi, A. M.; Ciociaro, D.; Positano, V.; Buzzigoli, E.; Giannessi, D.; Lombardi, M.; Mari, A.; Ferrannini, E.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Preferential visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation has been clearly associated with insulin resistance. In contrast, the impact of visceral obesity on beta cell function is controversial. Methods: In 62 non-diabetic women and men (age 24–69 years, BMI 21–39 kg/m²), we measured VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fat mass by magnetic resonance imaging. We also measured insulin secretion and beta cell function by C-peptide deconvolution and physiological modelling of data from a frequently sampled, 75-g, 3-h OGTT, respectively. Results: VAT (range 0.1–3.1 kg) was strongly related to sex, age and BMI; SAT was related to sex and BMI. Controlling for sex, age, BMI and SAT by multivariate analysis, excess VAT was associated with a clinical phenotype comprising higher plasma glucose levels, BP, heart rate and serum transaminases. The corresponding metabolic phenotype consisted of insulin resistance (partial r=-0.38) and hyperinsulinaemia (partial r=0.29). The latter, however, was appropriate for the degree of insulin resistance regardless of obesity and abdominal fat distribution. Moreover, none of the model-derived parameters describing beta cell function (glucose sensitivity, rate sensitivity and potentiation) was independently associated with excess VAT. Conclusions/interpretation: In non-diabetic Caucasian adults of either sex, preferential visceral fat deposition in itself is part of an insulin-resistant phenotype. The insulin secretory response to a physiological challenge is increased to fully compensate for the insulin resistance, but the dynamics of beta cell function (glucose sensitivity, rate sensitivity and potentiation) are largely preserved. curve . AUCI: AUC for insulin concentration curve . AUCNEFA: AUC for NEFA concentration curve . FSIVGTT: frequently sampled IVGTT . MRI: magnetic resonance imaging . SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue . SI: insulin sensitivity . VAT: visceral adipose tissue.
- Subjects
PANCREATIC beta cells; ISLANDS of Langerhans; INSULIN resistance; OBESITY; ADIPOSE tissues; DIABETES; ENDOCRINE diseases
- Publication
Diabetologia, 2005, Vol 48, Issue 10, p2090
- ISSN
0012-186X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00125-005-1891-3