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- Title
Prevalence and factors associated with under and over nutrition among in-school adolescents in urban Tanzania.
- Authors
Yussuf, Mashavu; Mosha, Dominic; Tinkasimile, Amani; Sando, Mary; Mapendo, Frank; Fawzi, Wafaie; Young, Tara; Lyatuu, Isaac; Shinde, Sachin; Noor, Ramadhan; Anthony, Wilbald; Sando, David
- Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is among major public health problems globally with the burden being higher in Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries including Tanzania. In rural Tanzania, a study reported that 18% of adolescents were stunted, 14% had thinness and 5.2% adolescents were overweight/obese. There is scarce understanding of malnutrition among adolescents aged 10-14 in urban Tanzania. Objectives: To investigate prevalence and determine factors associated with stunting, underweight and overweight among adolescents in urban Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional study analyzed data of 1,219 in-school adolescents aged 10 -- 14 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Multivariable logistic regression determined factors associated with stunting, underweight and overweight. Analyses accounted for school-level clustering and associations were deemed statistically significant at p-value < 0.05 during adjusted analyses. Results: Overall, 11.6% of adolescents were stunted, 7.8% were underweight, 8.7% were overweight and 4.3% obese, respectively. Average PDQS score was 18.1 (SD 3.2). Age, gender, and wealth quintiles were significant factors associated with stunting. Age, gender, and number of siblings in the household were significant factors associated with underweight. Gender, mother's occupation, and wealth quintiles were significant factors associated with overweight. Female adolescents were less likely to be stunted [AOR 0.68; 95%CI 0.47 -- 0.98], less likely to be underweight [AOR 0.64; 95%CI 0.43 -- 0.95] but more likely to be overweight compared to males [AOR 1.66; 95%CI 1.10 -- 2.51]. The odds of being overweight significantly increased with increase in wealth quintiles among adolescents [AOR 1.85; 95%CI 0.09 -- 3.81; trend p-value 0.013]. Conclusion: Tanzania is currently facing double burden of under and overnutrition. Among significant drivers to the double burden of malnutrition include age, gender, socio-economic status, and number of siblings in the household. There is an urgent need to revise health policies and interventions to curb this double burden of malnutrition and prevent associated diseases in adulthood.
- Subjects
TANZANIA; DAR es Salaam (Tanzania); TEENAGERS; DISEASE complications; NUTRITION; SOCIOECONOMIC status; LOGISTIC regression analysis; ADOLESCENCE; TEENAGE girls
- Publication
Tanzania Journal of Health Research, 2022, Vol 23, p46
- ISSN
1821-6404
- Publication type
Article