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- Title
Activity of imipenem on aerobic bacteria.
- Authors
Acar, J. F.; Goldstein, F. W.; Kitzis, M. D.; Gutmann, L.
- Abstract
Imipenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is a potent inhibitor of plasmid- and chromosomally-mediated β-lactamases.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of imipenem on clinical isolates classified according to their susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics.On penicillin G-susceptible bacteria, imipenem is comparable to penicillin. On streptococci, pneumococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria the MICs were 0.02 to 0.06 mg/l. On gonococci, MICs were 0.04 to 0.25 mg/l. Gram-negative bacteria susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics or naturally resistant to certain of them (e.g. Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin) were highly susceptible to imipenem with MICs from 0.06 to 0.5 mg/l. It was slightly less active on Haemophihis influenzae, compared to ampicillin.On β-lactam-resistant bacteria, imipenem maintained a remarkable activity. For penicillin-resistant pneumococci (MIC 16 mg/l) the imipenem MIC was 1 mg/l. Imipenem was equally effective on β-lactamase-producing and non-producing Haemophilus influenzae and gonococci. Among 12 Nocardia asteroides tested, 11 had MIC<1 mg/l.When tested at 30°, the MIC of imipenem for oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 8 to 64 mg/l in contrast to 0.03 to 0.06 mg/l for oxacillin-sensitive isolates. Eighteen strains of enterococci (17 faecium, 2 faecalis) resistant to ampicillin (MIC 128 mg/l) were more resistant to imipenem (MIC 16 to 256 mg/l). Imipenem was very active on β-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including multiply-resistant Salmonella typhi., with MICs in a range from 0.06 to 4 mg/l. Among 160 multiply-resistant Gram-negative bacteria tested, only 18 strains, mostly Serratia and Proteus morganii, had MICs from 2 to 4 mg/l. No high-level resistant strain has been isolated. Bactericidal studies with imipenem demonstrated a MBC/MIC ratio of 2 to 8 for most bacteria, except enterococci. The killing curves of imipenem demonstrated a rapid lethal effect at 4 to 8 times the MIC.
- Publication
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (JAC), 1983, Vol 12, Issue suppl_D, p37
- ISSN
0305-7453
- Publication type
Article