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- Title
Nutrient-Induced Cellular Mechanisms of Gut Hormone Secretion.
- Authors
Lu, Van B.; Gribble, Fiona M.; Reimann, Frank; Feinle-Bisset, Christine
- Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract can assess the nutrient composition of ingested food. The nutrient-sensing mechanisms in specialised epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract, the enteroendocrine cells, trigger the release of gut hormones that provide important local and central feedback signals to regulate nutrient utilisation and feeding behaviour. The evidence for nutrient-stimulated secretion of two of the most studied gut hormones, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), along with the known cellular mechanisms in enteroendocrine cells recruited by nutrients, will be the focus of this review. The mechanisms involved range from electrogenic transporters, ion channel modulation and nutrient-activated G-protein coupled receptors that converge on the release machinery controlling hormone secretion. Elucidation of these mechanisms will provide much needed insight into postprandial physiology and identify tractable dietary approaches to potentially manage nutrition and satiety by altering the secreted gut hormone profile.
- Subjects
CELL receptors; FOOD habits; GASTROINTESTINAL system; GLUCAGON-like peptide 1; NUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL requirements; INGESTION; SATISFACTION; EPITHELIAL cells; PEPTIDES; CELL physiology
- Publication
Nutrients, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 3, p883
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu13030883