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- Title
SELECTION FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE GENOTYPES IN BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS BASED ON MOLECULAR APPROACHES.
- Authors
Al-Jobori, Kamil M.; Al-Tamemy, Lubna H. N.
- Abstract
Drought is one of a major environmental factors affecting growth and yield of wheat in arid and semiarid areas of the world, response of four genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to mature embryo culture, callus production and in vitro drought tolerance was used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten replications. The effect of water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). Whereas formed calli on MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/l of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.5 mg/l kinetin were subcultured on media containing different concentrations of PEG (0.0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/l). DNA-based molecular markers DNA (RAPD) were used in this study to examine the genetic differences among four Iraqi wheat genotypes. Results showed that all primers, except for OPA-15 and VBC3-13, produced different-sized fragments with DNA from one or more of the tested genotypes. RAPD analysis detected a total of 92 DNA fragments of which 86 (93.5%) were polymorphic. The genotype Iba99 produced the highest total number of fragments (47), whereas the Dijlah produced the lowest number (30). Primer B-18 produced the highest number of bands (16), while the least number of bands (8) was recorded for primer VBC3-14. The amplified DNA fragments normally ranged from150bp to1600bp.The maximum polymorphism (100%) was recorded for the primers VBC2-6, VBC3-8 and VBC3-14, whilst the minimum polymorphism was produced by the primer B-18. Maximum numbers of unique DNA fragments (11) were detected in Dijlah genotype, whereas the minimum (2) were detected in Furat genotype. Investigation of genetic distance using RAPD analysis showed that the lowest genetic distance (0.40) 40% was obtained between Iba99 and Furat genotypes, while the highest genetic distance (0.79) 79% was observed between Dijlah and Sham6 genotypes. Analysis of genetic relationship showed there were three groups, the first included Iba99 and Furat. The second contained the genotype Sham6 and the most distant genotype (Dijlah) in the dendrogram stands in the third group. In conclusion, construction of genetic relatedness tree can done using RAPD molecular marker, the use of molecular markers will be good alternative to the agronomic selection, where it allow a quick selection and provides the breeder with the genetic marker for drought stress. The results of this study can be used as database for Iraqi wheat genotypes to be used in the future development of new varieties in breeding programs.
- Subjects
WHEAT genetics; CROPS; DROUGHT tolerance; MOLECULAR biology; GENOTYPES; RAPD technique
- Publication
Biochemical & Cellular Archives, 2018, Vol 18, Issue 1, p181
- ISSN
0972-5075
- Publication type
Article