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- Title
AUTONOMIC INNERVATION OF THE PELVIS.
- Authors
Comandasu, Diana-Elena; Brătilă, Elvira; Cârstoiu, Monica; Munteanu, O.
- Abstract
Autonomic innervation of the pelvis involves sensory and motor fibers originating from the lateral horn of the spine, C12-L4 (sympathetic) or S3 to S5 (parasympathetic) and is represented by the sympathetic sacral trunk, the pelvic splanchnic nerves and the hypogastric plexus. Sacral sympathetic trunk continues the lumbar one from the upper strait of the pelvis, being in contact anterior with the rectum, posterior with the sacrum and lateral with the sacral holes. Each of the right and left trunks contain four nodes, connected by internodal fibers, that merge and form anterior to the coccyx the imparganglion. Sacral sympathetic trunk gives postnodal efferent fibers to the sacral plexus that innervate the inferior limbs and to the inferior hypogastric plexus. Superior hypogastric plexus (presacral nerve) contains sympathetic fibers from the aortic plexus anastomosed with lumbar splanchnic nerves (right and left) inferior to the bifurcation of the aorta at the level of L5. It has a short downward trajectory through the pelvis and anterior to the promontory it divides into right and left hypogastric nerves, which may have a plexiform aspect. They have a descending pathway to the anterior and lateral, reaching the lateral sides of the rectal ampulla, where they branche. Pelvic splanchnic nerves (erector) containpreganglionic parasympathetic fibers originating from the spinal segments S2-S4 and fibers from the sacral paravertebral chain. Inferior hypogastric plexus is formed by anastomosis of the hypogastric nerves with the splanhnic pelvic nerves, containing sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. They have the aspect of a network of nerve fibers, mixed with irregular nodal masses, which can combine forming several bulky nodes. Their efferencesform periarterial plexuses (hemorrhoidal, vesical, uterine, vaginal) distributed along the internal iliac artery to all the pelvic and perineal viscera.
- Subjects
PELVIS; AUTONOMIC nervous system; SPLANCHNIC nerves; HYPOGASTRIC plexus; COCCYX; ILIAC artery
- Publication
Romanian Journal of Functional & Clinical, Macro & Microscopical Anatomy & of Anthropology / Revista Româna de Anatomie Functionala si Clinica, Macro si Microscopica si de Antropologie, 2015, Vol 14, Issue 2, p216
- ISSN
1583-4026
- Publication type
Article