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- Title
Dietary Grape Seed Meal Bioactive Compounds Alleviate Epithelial Dysfunctions and Attenuates Inflammation in Colon of DSS-Treated Piglets.
- Authors
Pistol, Gina Cecilia; Bulgaru, Cristina Valeria; Marin, Daniela Eliza; Oancea, Alexandra Gabriela; Taranu, Ionelia; Bertram, Hanne Christine
- Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammations associated with progressive degradation of intestinal epithelium and impairment of the local innate immune response. Restoring of epithelial integrity and of the mucosal barrier function, together with modulation of inflammatory and innate immune markers, represent targets for alternative strategies in IBD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a diet including 8% grape seed meal (GSM), rich in bioactive compounds (polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fiber) on the markers of colonic epithelial integrity, mucosal barrier function, pro-inflammatory, and innate immunity in DSS-treated piglets used as animal models of intestinal inflammation. Our results have demonstrated the beneficial effects of bioactive compounds from dietary GSM, exerted at three complementary levels: (a) restoration of the epithelial integrity and mucosal barrier reinforcement by modulation of claudins, Occludin (OCCL) and Zonula-1 (ZO-1) tight junction genes and proteins, myosin IXB (MYO9B) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN) tight junction regulators and mucin-2 (MUC2) gene; (b) reduction of pro-inflammatory MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) genes and activities; and (c) suppression of the innate immune TLR-2 (Toll-like receptor-2) and TLR-4 (Toll-like receptor-4) genes and attenuation of the expression of MyD88 (Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88)/MD-2 (Myeloid differentiation factor-2) signaling molecules. These beneficial effects of GSM could further attenuate the transition of chronic colitis to carcinogenesis, by modulating the in-depth signaling mediators belonging to the Wnt pathway.
- Subjects
GRAPE seeds; OCCLUDINS; INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases; BIOACTIVE compounds; PROTEIN-tyrosine phosphatase; ANIMAL models of inflammation
- Publication
Foods, 2021, Vol 10, Issue 3, p530
- ISSN
2304-8158
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/foods10030530