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- Title
Socio-cultural and Knowledge-Based Barriers to Tuberculosis Diagnosis for Women in Bhopal, India.
- Authors
McArthur, Evonne; Bali, Surya; Khan, Azim A.
- Abstract
Background: In India, only one woman is diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) for every 2.4 men. Previous studies have indicated gender disparities in care-seeking behavior and TB diagnosis; however, little is known about the specific barriers women face. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize socio-cultural and knowledge-based barriers that affected TB diagnosis for women in Bhopal, India. Materials and Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 affected women and 6 health-care workers. The Bhopal Diagnostic Microscopy Laboratory Register ( n = 121) and the Bhopal district report ( n = 261) were examined for diagnostic and care-seeking trends. Results: Women, especially younger women, faced socio-cultural barriers and stigma, causing many to hide their symptoms. Older women had little awareness about TB. Women often sought treatment from private practitioners, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Conclusions: Understanding these diagnostic and help-seeking behaviors barriers for women is critical for development of a gender-sensitive TB control pro gram.
- Subjects
INDIA; TUBERCULOSIS diagnosis; CULTURE; HEALTH services accessibility; INTERVIEWING; RESEARCH methodology; SEX distribution; SOCIAL stigma; SOCIOECONOMIC factors
- Publication
Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 2016, Vol 41, Issue 1, p62
- ISSN
0970-0218
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4103/0970-0218.170990