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- Title
Peculiarities of Host Cholesterol Transport to the Unique Intracellular Vacuole Containing Toxoplasma.
- Authors
Sehgal, Alfica; Bettiol, Silvana; Pypaert, Marc; Wenk, Markus R.; Kaasch, Achim; Blader, Ira J.; Joiner, Keith A.; Coppens, Isabelle
- Abstract
The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is auxotrophic for low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol (C). We previously showed that T. gondii scavenges this essential lipid from host endolysosomal compartments and that C delivery to the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) does not require transit through host Golgi or endoplasmic reticulum. In this study, we explore the itinerary of C from the host endolysosomes to the PV. Labeled C incorporated into LDL is rapidly detected in intravacuolar parasites and partially esterified by the parasites. In contrast to diverse mammalian organelles, the post-endolysosomal transfer of C to the PV does not involve the host plasma membrane as an intermediate. Nevertheless, the PV membrane is accessible to extracellular sterol acceptors, suggesting C trafficking from intracellular parasites to host plasma membrane. C movement to the PV requires temperatures permissive for vesicular transport, metabolic energy and functional microtubules. Host caveolae vesicles and the sterol carrier protein-2 do not participate in this process. Proteolytic treatment of purified PV or free parasites abolishes C acquisition by the parasites. Altogether, these results support a vesicular transport system from host endolysosomes to the PV, and a requirement for PV membrane and parasite plasma membrane proteins in C delivery to T. gondii.
- Subjects
CHOLESTEROL; TOXOPLASMA; LOW density lipoproteins; LIPIDS; PARASITES
- Publication
Traffic, 2005, Vol 6, Issue 12, p1125
- ISSN
1398-9219
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0854.2005.00348.x