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- Title
SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans.
- Authors
Poon, Maya M.L.; Rybkina, Ksenia; Kato, Yu; Kubota, Masaru; Matsumoto, Rei; Bloom, Nathaniel I.; Zhang, Zeli; Hastie, Kathryn M.; Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Wells, Steven B.; Ural, Basak B.; Lam, Nora; Szabo, Peter A.; Dogra, Pranay; Lee, Yoon S.; Gray, Joshua I.; Bradley, Marissa C.; Brusko, Maigan A.; Brusko, Todd M.
- Abstract
Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively characterized in blood; however, most functions of protective immunity must be accomplished in tissues. Here, we report from examination of SARS-CoV-2 seropositive organ donors (ages 10 to 74) that CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and B cell memory generated in response to infection is present in the bone marrow, spleen, lung, and multiple lymph nodes (LNs) for up to 6 months after infection. Lungs and lung-associated LNs were the most prevalent sites for SARS-CoV-2–specific memory T and B cells with significant correlations between circulating and tissue-resident memory T and B cells in all sites. We further identified SARS-CoV-2–specific germinal centers in the lung-associated LNs up to 6 months after infection. SARS-CoV-2–specific follicular helper T cells were also abundant in lung-associated LNs and lungs. Together, the results indicate local tissue coordination of cellular and humoral immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 for site-specific protection against future infectious challenges.
- Publication
Science Immunology, 2021, Vol 6, Issue 65, p1
- ISSN
2470-9468
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9105