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- Title
Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Supplementation and Respiratory Infections.
- Authors
De Cosmi, Valentina; Mazzocchi, Alessandra; Turolo, Stefano; Syren, Marie Louise; Milani, Gregorio P.; Agostoni, Carlo
- Abstract
Background: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) can actively affect the maintenance and optimal functioning of immune cells. The metabolites of both omega-3 and omega-6 play an important role in the synthesis of different mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, protectins, and resolvins, that can interfere with the virus and modulate inflammation. Summary: In this narrative review, we aim to identify whether LCPUFA supplementation may be effective in protecting the population against respiratory tract infections. We included only randomized controlled trials performed in both pediatric and adult subjects. Eight papers were selected: five trials were conducted in a pediatric population and three in adults. Different concentrations of fatty acids supplementation were associated with a lower incidence of common respiratory symptoms, except for two studies that did not provide significant results. Most of the studies are of low quality, and respiratory infections were assessed as secondary or even safety outcomes. Key Messages: No data were available on the role of LCPUFAs in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although these data showed that LCPUFAs may be effective in preventing respiratory tract infections, future studies are still needed to clarify their possible co-adjuvant role in the prevention and treatment of respiratory infections.
- Subjects
UNSATURATED fatty acids; ONLINE information services; MEDICAL databases; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; CONFIDENCE intervals; RESPIRATORY infections; DIETARY supplements; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MEDLINE; ODDS ratio
- Publication
Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 2022, Vol 78, p8
- ISSN
0250-6807
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1159/000522093