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- Title
THE CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF N-ACETYLCYSTEINE IN A HEALTHY RAT MODEL OF FAST-PACED EXERCISE: A STUDY ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATION, AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
- Authors
Moldovan, Mădălina; Schauer, Sandra Andrea; Muntean, Mara; Mitrea, Daniela-Rodica
- Abstract
Background: A common protocol among athletes is progressive increase in exercise strenuousness. The additional metabolic requirement leads to higher electron transport chain activity, resulting in supplementary amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the cardiovascular system, ROS regulate blood pressure, but may also cause damage. Thus, antioxidants are increasingly utilized because of their ability to aid the body's defense mechanisms. Objective: The study investigated the in vivo cardiovascular effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor and popular antioxidant among athletes, on a healthy male rat model that underwent progressive fast-paced exercise. Material and methods: Treatments were administered orally for four weeks, before exertion, as follows: Control group (given normal saline, n=10) and NAC group (given N-acetylcysteine, n=10). The exercise duration consisted of five-minute rounds at progressive speeds. Samples of heart and aorta tissues were collected on the final day of the experiment for oxidative stress, inflammation, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination. Results : Oxidative stress analysis in heart samples revealed that NAC significantly decreased lipid peroxidation, and increased antioxidant protection. Upon TEM, the Control group displayed an altered endocardium. The NAC group exhibited a typical heart intima, with only some instances of media alteration. In the aorta, NAC decreased the lipid peroxidation, whilst significantly increasing both iNOS and TNF-α. Upon TEM examination of the aorta, the Control group displayed an altered intima, similar to the NAC group. Conclusions: N-acetylcysteine exhibited notable antioxidant effects in the heart. Nevertheless, it failed to protect against the observed ultrastructural damage. In the aorta, NAC effectively reduced lipid peroxidation, however, its concurrent increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines resulted in only moderate protection of the intima against exercise-induced ultrastructural damage.
- Subjects
ROMANIA; BIOLOGICAL models; EXERCISE; ELECTRON microscopy; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; OXIDATIVE stress; CONFERENCES &; conventions; IN vivo studies; ACETYLCYSTEINE; RATS; ANTIOXIDANTS; ANIMAL experimentation; INFLAMMATION; PHARMACODYNAMICS
- Publication
Acta Marisiensis. Seria Medica, 2024, Vol 70, p14
- ISSN
2668-7755
- Publication type
Article