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- Title
Enhancement of β-Mannanase Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774 through Optimization of Medium Composition.
- Authors
Norizan, Nor Amalina Binti Mahamad; Halim, Murni; Tan, Joo Shun; Abbasiliasi, Sahar; Mat Sahri, Miskandar; Othman, Firdaus; Ariff, Arbakariya Bin; Andolfi, Anna; Salvatore, Maria Michela
- Abstract
Palm kernel cake (PKC) has been largely produced in Malaysia as one of the cheap and abundant agro-waste by-products from the palm oil industry and it contains high fiber (mannan) content. The present study aimed to produce β-mannanase by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774 via optimization of the medium composition using palm kernel cake as substrate in semi-solid fermentation. The fermentation nutrients such as PKC, peptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate (MgSO2), initial culture pH and temperature were screened using a Plackett-Burman design. The three most significant factors identified, PKC, peptone and NaCl, were further optimized using central composite design (CCD), a response surface methodology (RSM) approach, where yeast extract and MgSO2 were fixed as a constant factor. The maximum β-mannanase activity predicted by CCD under the optimum medium composition of 16.50 g/L PKC, 19.59 g/L peptone, 3.00 g/L yeast extract, 2.72 g/L NaCl and 0.2 g/L MgSO2 was 799 U/mL. The validated β-mannanase activity was 805.12 U/mL, which was close to the predicted β-mannanas activity. As a comparison, commercial media such as nutrient broth, M9 and Luria bertani were used for the production of β-mannanase with activities achieved at 204.16 ± 9.21 U/mL, 50.32 U/mL and 88.90 U/mL, respectively. The optimized PKC fermentation medium was four times higher than nutrient broth. Hence, it could be a potential fermentation substrate for the production of β-mannanase activity by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774.
- Subjects
MALAYSIA; BACILLUS subtilis; YEAST extract; PALM oil industry; MAGNESIUM sulfate; SALT
- Publication
Molecules, 2020, Vol 25, Issue 15, p3516
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules25153516