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- Title
Molecular Discrimination of Cynanchum wilfordii and Cynanchum auriculatum by InDel Markers of Chloroplast DNA.
- Authors
Kim, Yonguk; Choi, Hakjoon; Shin, Jawon; Jo, Ara; Lee, Kyung-Eun; Cho, Seung-Sik; Hwang, Yong-Pil; Choi, Chulyung
- Abstract
The tuber of <italic>Cynanchum wilfordii</italic> (<italic>Baekshuoh</italic> Radix in Korean) is an important medicinal herb in Korea and China; however, it is difficult to differentiate <italic>C. wilfordii</italic> from a related medicinal herb, <italic>C. auriculatum</italic> (<italic>Baishouwu</italic> Radix in Chinese)<italic>.</italic> We sought to develop a molecular method that could be used to distinguish between the tubers of <italic>C. wilfordii</italic> and <italic>C. auriculatum</italic>. We aligned the chloroplast genome sequences (available in the NCBI database) of the two species and identified three species-specific insertion and deletion (InDel) sites in the <italic>trnQ-psbK</italic>, <italic>rps2-rpoC2</italic>, and <italic>psaJ-rpl33</italic> intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. To confirm the presence of these three InDels and validate their use as markers, we designed three primer pairs to amplify the <italic>trnQ-psbK</italic>, <italic>rps2-rpoC2</italic>, and <italic>psaJ-rpl33</italic> IGS regions. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the <italic>trnQ-psbK</italic> IGS region yielded a 249 bp fragment for <italic>C. wilfordii</italic>, and 419 bp fragment for <italic>C. auriculatum</italic>, whereas the <italic>rps2-rpoC2</italic> IGS primers produced a 629 bp fragment from <italic>C. wilfordii</italic> and a 282 bp fragment from <italic>C. auriculatum</italic>. In the <italic>psaJ-rpl33</italic> IGS region, allele fragments of 342 and 360 bp in length were amplified from <italic>C. wilfordii</italic>, whereas 249 and 250 bp fragment were amplified from <italic>C. auriculatum</italic>. We propose these three InDel markers as a valuable, simple, and efficient tool for identifying these medicinal herbs and will thus reduce adulteration of these herbal materials in commercial markets.
- Subjects
MOLECULAR biology; MEDICINAL plants; HERBAL medicine; THERAPEUTIC use of plant extracts; CHLOROPLAST DNA
- Publication
Molecules, 2018, Vol 23, Issue 6, p1337
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules23061337