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- Title
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition via Notch activation in human kidney glomerular endothelial cells.
- Authors
Ye Zhao; Xi Qiao; Lihua Wang; Tian Kui Tan; Hong Zhao; Yun Zhang; Jianlin Zhang; Rao, Padmashree; Qi Cao; Yiping Wang; Ya Wang; Yuan Min Wang; Lee, Vincent W. S.; Alexander, Stephen I.; Harris, David C. H.; Guoping Zheng
- Abstract
Background: Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a major source of myofibroblast formation in kidney fibrosis. Our previous study showed a profibrotic role for matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in kidney fibrosis via induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of MMP-9 activity reduced kidney fibrosis in murine unilateral ureteral obstruction. This study investigated whether MMP-9 also plays a role in EndoMT in human glomerular endothelial cells. Results: TGF-β1 (10 or 20 ng/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs as shown by morphological changes. In addition, VEcadherin and CD31 were significantly downregulated, whereas α-SMA, vimentin, and N-cadherin were upregulated. RT-PCR revealed that Snail, a known inducer of EMT, was upregulated. The MMP inhibitor GM6001 abrogated TGF-β1-induced EndoMT. Zymography indicated that MMP-9 was also upregulated in TGF-β1-treated HKGECs. Recombinant MMP-9 (2 μg/ml) induced EndoMT in HKGECs via Notch signaling, as evidenced by increased formation of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and decreased Notch 1. Inhibition of MMP-9 activity by its inhibitor showed a dose-dependent response in preventing TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and NICD in HKGECs, whereas inhibition of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) blocked rMMP-9-induced EndoMT. Conclusions: Taken together, our results demonstrate that MMP-9 plays an important role in TGF-β1-induced EndoMT via upregulation of Notch signaling in HKGECs.
- Subjects
MATRIX metalloproteinases; ENDOTHELIAL cells; MYOFIBROBLASTS; FIBROSIS; NOTCH signaling pathway
- Publication
BMC Cell Biology, 2016, Vol 17, p1
- ISSN
1471-2121
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12860-016-0101-0