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- Title
Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Wheat Genotypes Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizing and Environmental Conditions in Southern Brazil.
- Authors
de Lucena Marinho, Jéssica; Silva, Sérgio Ricardo; de Batista Fonseca, Inês Cristina; Zucareli, Claudemir
- Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a key nutrient for plant growth and yield, but N fertilizing management is complex due to the influence of the genotype × environment interaction. This study evaluated N use efficiency and yield of wheat genotypes in response to N fertilizer rates and environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out in four environments in southern Brazil [Londrina in rainfed and irrigated conditions (Lrainfed and Lirrig), Cascavel (Crainfed), and Ponta Grossa (PGrainfed)] in a randomized block design with a 2 × 10 factorial arrangement, i.e. two N rates and ten wheat genotypes. The results showed that the studied wheat features (except shoot dry matter—SDM) were increased mainly due to higher water availability compared to N fertilizing. Increasing N rate from 40 to 120 kg ha−1 N increased the density of fertile spikes by 11.5% in Lrainfed, plant lodging by an average of 12 percentage points in Lrainfed and Lirrig, N concentration in the SDM (NCSDM) by an average of 9% in Lirrig, Crainfed and PGrainfed, and N accumulation in the SDM (NASDM) by an average of 14.6% in Lirrig and PGrainfed. Overall, BRS Sanhaço was the genotype more responsive to N rates in terms of grain yield (average increase of 7.3% in Crainfed and PGrainfed), whereas BRS Gralha-Azul, TBIO Sintonia, and Quartzo were the lower ones. The TBIO Toruk took place in the genotype group with the lower N utilization efficiency (NUtE) in all environments, with an average of 25 kg kg−1. TBIO Sinuelo had higher NCSDM, NASDM, NUtE, and grain yield (averages of 17.3 g kg−1, 163.5 kg ha−1, 40.1 kg kg−1, and 6436 kg ha−1, respectively) across most of the environments. Grain yield had positive correlations with NCSDM, NASDM, and NUtE. Thus, we conclude that these N traits can be better explored in breeding programmes to achieve genotypes more productive and efficient in N use. In this context, TBIO Sinuelo has the potential to be used as part of an improvement strategy for spring wheat genotypes in southern Brazil.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; GENOTYPE-environment interaction; GENOTYPES; GRAIN yields; PLANT yields; PLANT nutrients
- Publication
International Journal of Plant Production, 2022, Vol 16, Issue 3, p495
- ISSN
1735-6814
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s42106-022-00200-9