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- Title
Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents With Obesity: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- Authors
Kelley, George A.; Kelley, Kristi S.; Pate, Russell R.
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise ≥4 weeks in children and adolescents with obesity were included if one or more CVD risk factors were included as an outcome. Studies were retrieved by searching 7 electronic databases, cross-referencing, and expert review. Data were pooled using the inverse-variance heterogeneity (IVhet) model and strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) instrument. Thirty-nine studies representing 1548 participants (847 exercise, 701 control) met the inclusion criteria. Aerobic exercise improved 10 of 12 (83.3%) outcomes (P <.05 for all) while combined aerobic and strength training improved 5 of 8 (62.5%) outcomes (P <.05 for all). The strength of evidence ranged from "very low" to "moderate." It was concluded that aerobic exercise, as well as combined aerobic and strength training, is associated with improvements in multiple CVD risk factors among children and adolescents with obesity. However, the generally low strength of evidence suggests a need for future well-designed and conducted RCTs on the effects of exercise, especially strength training, in children and adolescents with obesity.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; STATISTICS; ONLINE information services; MEDICAL databases; CINAHL database; COMPUTER software; EXPERIMENTAL design; BLOOD pressure; LIPOPROTEINS; META-analysis; CONFIDENCE intervals; SAMPLE size (Statistics); CHILDHOOD obesity; SYSTEMATIC reviews; EFFECT sizes (Statistics); CONTINUING education units; SPORTS; RISK assessment; COMPARATIVE studies; SEARCH engines; STATISTICAL hypothesis testing; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DATA analysis; MEDLINE; INFORMATION storage &; retrieval systems; ACADEMIC dissertations; ODDS ratio; EXERCISE therapy; LIPIDS
- Publication
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 2022, Vol 16, Issue 4, p485
- ISSN
1559-8276
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/1559827620988839