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- Title
Optimizing Fishing Quotas to Meet Target Fishing Fractions of an Internationally Exploited Stock of Pacific Sardine.
- Authors
Demer, David A.; Zwolinski, Juan P.
- Abstract
Two stocks of Pacific SardineSardinops sagaxmigrate seasonally and synchronously along the west coasts of Mexico, the USA, and Canada. Landings from the two stocks are currently combined in U.S. assessments of the northern stock, but the stocks may be differentiated by their associated seawater habitats, which are predominantly characterized by different ranges of sea surface temperature. We compared the combined and temperature-differentiated landings of the two stocks in each country for the period 1993–2011, demonstrating how different attributions of the landings affected the estimated annual fishing fraction (F) for the northern stock. Using combined or stock-differentiated landings and assessed biomasses, we found that the current harvest control rule (HCR) for Pacific Sardine has not consistently maintained a totalFbelow the U.S. target value because the “distribution” parameter (used to account for the northern stock's proportion in the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone [EEZ]), has not adequately accounted for northern stock landings in Mexico and Canada. We propose a refinement to the HCR, giving explicit consideration to the summed landings in Mexico and Canada, to more optimally set the annual U.S. quota. The performance of our method was compared with (1) the values ofFthat would have been achieved during the federal management period (2000–2011) if the U.S. quotas had always been met and (2) the generally lower actual values ofFthat were calculated using the default HCR formulation (1993–2011). We demonstrate that application of our method would permit more U.S. fishing for Pacific Sardine when the northern stock is large and predominantly located in the U.S. EEZ and would curtail U.S. fishing when a large proportion of the stock is present and fished in the Mexican EEZ, Canadian EEZ, or both. Received December 12, 2013; accepted July 16, 2014
- Subjects
SARDINOPS sagax; INDIVIDUAL fishing quotas; FISHERY management; SARDINE fisheries; ECONOMIC zones (Law of the sea)
- Publication
North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 2014, Vol 34, Issue 6, p1119
- ISSN
0275-5947
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1080/02755947.2014.951802