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- Title
Protective effects of aerobic exercise on acute lung injury induced by LPS in mice.
- Authors
Tokio Reis Gon‡alves, Cintia; Gustavo Reis Gon‡alves, Carlos; Maria de Almeida, Francine; Degobi Ten¢rio Quirino dos Santos Lopes, Fernanda; Carolina Cardoso dos Santos DurÆo, Ana; Almeida dos Santos, Fabiana; Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Luiz; Marcourakis, Tania; Castro-Faria-Neto, Hugo C.; de Paula Vieira, Rodolfo; Dolhnikoff, Marisa
- Abstract
Introduction: The regular practice of physical exercise has been associated with beneficial effects on various pulmonary conditions. We investigated the mechanisms involved in the protective effect of exercise in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: Mice were divided into four groups: Control (CTR), Exercise (Exe), LPS, and Exercise + LPS (Exe + LPS).Exercised mice were trained using low intensity daily exercise for five weeks. LPS and Exe + LPS mice received 200 μg of LPS intratracheally 48 hours after the last physical test. We measured exhaled nitric oxide (eNO); respiratory mechanics; neutrophil density in lung tissue; protein leakage; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts; cytokine levels in BALF, plasma and lung tissue; antioxidant activity in lung tissue; and tissue expression of glucocorticoid receptors (Gre). Results: LPS instillation resulted in increased eNO, neutrophils in BALF and tissue, pulmonary resistance and elastance, protein leakage, TNF-alpha in lung tissue, plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10, and IL-1beta, IL-6 and KC levels in BALF compared to CTR (P ≤ 0.02). Aerobic exercise resulted in decreases in eNO levels, neutrophil density and TNF-alpha expression in lung tissue, pulmonary resistance and elastance, and increased the levels of IL-6, IL-10, superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) and Gre in lung tissue and IL-1beta in BALF compared to the LPS group (P ≤ 0.04). Conclusions: Aerobic exercise plays important roles in protecting the lungs from the inflammatory effects of LPS-induced ALI. The effects of exercise are mainly mediated by the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidants, suggesting that exercise can modulate the inflammatory-anti-inflammatory and the oxidative-antioxidative balance in the early phase of ALI.
- Subjects
AEROBIC exercises; LUNG injuries; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; ENDOTOXINS; GLYCOCONJUGATES
- Publication
Critical Care, 2012, Vol 16, Issue 5, p11807
- ISSN
1364-8535
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/cc11807