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- Title
Spatial distribution of Plasmodium spp. and its Anopheles spp. vector in the Colombian Army: Plasmodium falciparum malaria outbreak near Olaya Herrera, Nariño.
- Authors
Correa-Cárdenas, Camilo A.; Oliveros, Carolina; Martínez, David; Orjuela, Lorena I.; Márquez, Elizabeth K.; Rivera, Yohana; Duque, María Clara; Daza, Carlos D.; Alvarado, María T.; De Los Santos Ortiz, Frank; Romero, Yanira; Yulieth Tirado-Solano, Jessenia; Felipe Velandia-Nogales, Andrés; David Ramírez, Juan; Cantillo-Barraza, Omar; Méndez, Claudia; Pérez, Julie
- Abstract
Background: Malaria is the third most crucial vector-borne disease within the army, demanding high operational costs in military health. Materials and methods: We used nested PCR, qPCR, and 18S sequencing to diagnose and determine the circulating species of Plasmodium spp. in the military population. The serological diagnosis also included an initial rapid diagnostic test (RDT) at the occurrence place. An epidemiological follow-up inside Nariño's BATOT16 in those patients who previously patrolled the Olaya Herrera municipality and consulted with symptoms between April 1 and 29, 2022, allowed us to estimate the attack rate (AR). We also analyzed the Plasmodium spp. infection of those Anopheles spp. collected with CDC-type traps during an entomological surveillance strategy. Results: Twenty-six volunteer patients from departments with the highest malaria prevalence were reported as positive by parasitological diagnosis. The relative abundance of Pf infections was 80.77%, while Pv = 19.23%. The molecular genotyping was 100% concordant with the parasitological and RDT. Of 183 exposed soldiers in the BATOT16 outbreak, 11 presented symptoms defining an AR of 6.01%, all with P. falciparum infection. One death is still under investigation. Finally, the presence of malaria-transmitting vectors were confirmed with COI sequencing. We collected 44 Anopheles spp. specimens with the highest relative abundance in Nariño (45.45%), followed by Chocó (22.73%), Antioquia (15,91%) and Montería (15.91%). Of the insect collection, 47.73% occurred in the extradomicile environment. Conclusions: Preventive measures against malaria transmission should be improved in the military setting. New diagnosis protocols as part of patient care guidelines for malaria are also needed.
- Subjects
LYME disease; PLASMODIUM falciparum; ANOPHELES; MALARIA; RAPID diagnostic tests; PLASMODIUM
- Publication
Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2022, Vol 42, p259
- ISSN
0120-4157
- Publication type
Article