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- Title
DETERMINATION OF NORMAL PITUITARY GLAND SIZE AND SHAPE IN INDIAN POPULATION IN BOTH GENDERS AND DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS USING MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.
- Authors
Rajarajan S, .; Kumar, Prabhat; R, Prasanna.; A, Santhanakrishnanan; Pavan Krishna, Kilari Raja
- Abstract
Introduction: The size of the pituitary gland varies in normal subjects according to age, sex, and other conditions. The knowledge of normal range of pituitary gland size is important to enable radiologists to suggest what might be an abnormal pituitary gland. Measurements regarding the normal pituitary gland for various age ranges are helpful in diagnosing pathologies in the pituitary gland. Aim: To study the shape, size and mean normal volume of pituitary gland in different age groups of both genders of normal subjects with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and to produce accurate data for the dimensions of the normal pituitary gland in 605 patients. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Radio-diagnosis, SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. MRI Brain studies of 605 patients were reviewed which includes 317 males and 288 females, ranging from one year to 80 years of age. Patients with pituitary gland or other endocrine abnormalities were excluded from the study. All MRI images were acquired on GE 1.5Tesla MRI machine using standard head coil. Mid-sagittal T2 weighted image were the pituitary stalk could be seen is selected to study the shape and to measure the Anteroposterior and craniocaudal dimensions and coronal T2 FLAIR image were the pituitary stalk could be identified is selected for measuring transverse dimension. The volume of the Pituitary gland was calculated using the formula volume = Anteroposterior (AP) diameter x Transverse (TR) diameter x craniocaudal (CC) diameter x 0.52. Statistical calculations were done by Software Open Epi Version 3 for epidemiological age groups. Results: The observation was divided into eight groups according to the age. Mean height of pituitary gland in female subjects of each age group was greater than that of male subjects in the same group except for age group 51 to 60 years. Height of pituitary gland reached a maximum in the 11 to 20 years of age group in both males and females, after which, there was a decline in the pituitary height in the subsequent age groups. The mean pituitary height in the age group 1-10 years was 4.41±0.80 mm. In the age group 11-20 years, mean pituitary height was 6.46±1.35 mm. In the age group 21-30 years it was 6.21±1.26 mm and in 31-40 years age group it was 6.11±1.10 mm whereas in 41-50 years age group it was 6.10±1.36 mm. In 51-60 years age group it was 5.76±1.25 mm, and in 61-70 years age group it was 5.70±1.22 mm, and in individuals above 70 years of age, mean pituitary height was 5.56±1.23 mm. In all the age groups and in both sexes, the commonest shape was flat which was seen in 56% of people followed by concave shape, seen in 33% and convex shape, seen in 11% people. The mean pituitary volume in the age group 1-10 years was 150±68.40 mm3 in males and 185±102.36 mm3 in females and in the age group 11-20 years the mean pituitary volume in males was 355±132 mm3 and in females was 398±145 mm3 . In the age group 21-30 years, the mean pituitary volume in males was 364±122 mm3 and in females was 370±105 mm3 . In the age group 31-40 years, the mean pituitary volume in males was 327±136 mm3 and in females was 377±121 mm3 . In 41-50 age groups mean pituitary volume in males was 324±156 mm3 and in females it was 408±147 mm3 . In the age group 51-60 years, mean pituitary volume in males was 393±173 mm3 and in females it was 361±138 mm3 . In the age group 61-70 years, mean pituitary volume in males was 347±149 mm3 and in females was 366±179 mm3 .In individuals above 70 years of age the mean pituitary volume in males was 326±162 mm3 and in females it was 396±136 mm3 . Conclusion: Normal variations in size and shape of the pituitary gland are necessary to identify the abnormal glands. The size of the pituitary gland needs to be compared with the normal range of height and volume of the pituitary gland in corresponding age and gender groups before labelling it as normal or abnormal. In cases with borderline abnormality in size and shape of the pituitary gland, further evaluation by dynamic contrast study should be carried out to look for pathological lesions.
- Subjects
PITUITARY gland; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; AGE groups; ENDOCRINE glands; GLANDS
- Publication
Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research), 2024, Vol 15, Issue 7, p1535
- ISSN
0975-3583
- Publication type
Article