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- Title
Clinical factors, management, and outcomes of children under 3 years old with central nervous system tumors: single-center experience.
- Authors
Eker, Nurşah; Tokuç, Gülnur; Sarısaltık, Alican; Dağçınar, Adnan; Gül, Dilek; Atasoy, Beste Melek; Yılmaz, Barış; Taş, Burcu Tufan
- Abstract
Purpose: Children under 3 years old represent a notable portion, about 25 to 30%, of all central nervous system tumor (CNS) cases. Their clinical course, prognosis, and treatment significantly differ from older children. This single-center retrospective study aims to comprehensively analyze survival factors in children under three diagnosed with CNS tumors. Methods: Between April 2012 and December 2023, cases under 3 years of age with CNS tumors diagnosed at our center were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Among 279 CNS tumor cases, 42 (15%) were evaluated. The 5-year overall and event-free survival rates were 67.4% (95% CI 47.5–81.1) and 39.8% (95% CI 24.2–55.0), respectively. Gender, symptom onset to diagnosis time, pathological neurological findings at diagnosis, and tumor location did not significantly impact survival (p > 0.05). However, cases with neurological symptoms showed significantly higher event-free survival rates (p < 0.05). Patients with embryonal tumors, metastases, inability for total surgical excision, relapsed/progressive diseases, and who under 1 year old had significantly lower survival rates (p < 0.05). Radiotherapy timing did not affect survival (p > 0.05). Event-free survival rates remained unchanged after the third year. Conclusion: The current treatments have been observed to have a positive impact on survival rates. Nonetheless, there is a need for novel treatments for patients with embryonal tumors, metastases, aged under 1 year, and those where total surgical excision is not feasible or in cases with progressive/relapse disease. This study underscores the importance of the first 3 years regarding relapse, progression, or mortality risk.
- Subjects
CENTRAL nervous system tumors; SURVIVAL rate; SURGICAL excision
- Publication
Child's Nervous System, 2024, Vol 40, Issue 8, p2311
- ISSN
0256-7040
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00381-024-06386-9