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- Title
Blood Selenium Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with the Risk of Undernutrition in Older Adults.
- Authors
García-Esquinas, Esther; Carballo-Casla, Adrián; Ortolá, Rosario; Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes; Olmedo, Pablo; Gil, Fernando; Plans-Beriso, Elena; Fernández-Navarro, Pablo; Pastor-Barriuso, Roberto; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando
- Abstract
Background: Selenium is an essential trace element with an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity that has been associated in experimental studies with beneficial effects on appetite control, the regulation of the gut microbiota, and control of the anabolic–catabolic balance. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between circulating selenium concentrations and the risk of developing undernutrition in older adults. Methods: This was a cohort study with 1398 well-nourished community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years residing in Spain in 2017, who were followed for a mean of 2.3 years. Whole blood selenium was measured at baseline using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Undernutrition was assessed at baseline and at follow-up, and defined as having at least one of the three GLIM phenotypic criteria (involuntary weight loss, a low body mass index, and a reduced muscle mass) and at least one of the two etiologic criteria (reduced food consumption or nutrient assimilation and inflammation/disease burden). Results: During the follow-up, 142 participants (11%) developed moderate undernutrition and 113 (8.8%) severe undernutrition. The standardized relative risks of moderate and severe undernutrition at the 75th percentile of Se levels versus the 25th were 0.90 and 0.70, respectively. In dose–response analyses, the risk of severe undernutrition decreased linearly with increasing selenium concentrations. This association was independent of protein intake or diet quality and was stronger among participants with a diagnosis of a musculoskeletal disorder. Conclusions: The results suggest that an adequate dietary selenium status is needed to prevent undernutrition in older adults. Also, this may open the door for clinical trials with selenium supplementation, at doses considered as safe, to prevent undernutrition.
- Subjects
SPAIN; RISK assessment; SEVERITY of illness index; DIETARY supplements; MALNUTRITION; RESEARCH funding; INDEPENDENT living; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; SELENIUM; LONGITUDINAL method; SPECTRUM analysis; PHENOTYPES; DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry; DISEASE risk factors; OLD age
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 22, p4750
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15224750